Technical Route Comparison and Industry Development Trends of Turbochargers

1. Definition of Turbochargers​

A turbocharger is a type of air compressor. It uses the exhaust gas from the engine to drive a turbine, which in turn drives a compressor impeller to compress air. This increases the intake air volume of the engine, enabling more complete fuel combustion, enhancing power output, and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction. It is mainly composed of components such as the turbine housing and compressor housing, and is widely used in various fields including automobiles, machinery, and ships. Among them, the automotive industry has the largest demand, and it is applicable to both pure fuel vehicles and hybrid vehicles.​

2. Comparison of Technical Routes of Superchargers​

According to the power source, superchargers can be divided into mechanical superchargers, exhaust gas turbochargers, and electric superchargers. Mechanical superchargers are driven by the engine, with smooth power output, but they consume engine power and have low supercharging efficiency. Exhaust gas turbochargers utilize exhaust gas energy, which can improve thermal efficiency, reduce fuel consumption and emissions, and have seen a rapid increase in the configuration rate in the automotive field. Electric superchargers are driven by an electric motor, with extremely fast response, capable of eliminating turbo lag, and can be flexibly controlled for on – demand supercharging, but they have high requirements for the vehicle’s electrical system.​

3. Development Trends of the Turbocharger Industry​

Passenger car turbochargers emerged in the early 21st century. The domestic industry entered a rapid growth period in 2010 and reached a mature stage in 2018. In the global market, the total output from 2022 to 2024 fluctuated, and it is expected to decline in the future due to the development of pure electric vehicles. However, the penetration rate of turbochargers based on pure fuel power systems in light vehicles will increase, and demand will remain stable in the short term. In the domestic market, the sales volume of passenger car turbochargers in 2024 was approximately 14 million units, with a market size exceeding 10 billion yuan. The installation rates of traditional fuel vehicles and hybrid vehicles are both on the rise. The medium – and short – term growth of the industry is driven by the increase in penetration rate and the expansion of the automotive export market, while long – term growth depends on the expected increase in sales of hybrid vehicles.​

4. Competition Pattern of the Turbocharger Industry​

The global turbocharger market is oligopolistic, with five major mult

inational companies such as Garrett dominating. In the domestic market, international manufacturers also hold a dominant position, but local enterprises like Fengwo Supercharging are continuously improving their technology and scale, breaking the international monopoly.